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Kibble-Zurek Mechanism for Dynamical Ordering in a Driven Vortex System.

S Maegochi1, K Ienaga1, S Okuma1

  • 1Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ohokayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|December 9, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Kibble-Zurek mechanism, describing defect formation during phase transitions, was experimentally verified for nonequilibrium transitions in superconducting vortices. This study confirms its applicability beyond equilibrium systems, opening new research avenues.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics
  • Topological Defects

Background:

  • The Kibble-Zurek mechanism explains topological defect formation during continuous symmetry-breaking phase transitions at finite quench rates.
  • Its application to non-equilibrium transitions, particularly in driven systems, remains less explored.
  • Previous simulations suggested its relevance for dynamical ordering in particle assemblies like superconducting vortices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the configurational order of vortices during dynamical ordering under varying quench rates.
  • To verify the applicability of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism to non-equilibrium phase transitions.
  • To explore the scaling laws and crossover behaviors predicted by the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in a driven vortex system.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study of superconducting vortex configurations.
  • Controlled variation of quench rates during dynamical ordering.
  • Analysis of defect density and configurational order as a function of quench rate.

Main Results:

  • Experimental verification of power-law scaling between defect density and quench rate.
  • Observation of an impulse-adiabatic crossover in the ordered phase, consistent with Kibble-Zurek predictions.
  • Demonstration of the mechanism's relevance in a system driven over random disorder.

Conclusions:

  • The Kibble-Zurek mechanism is applicable to non-equilibrium phase transitions, specifically in the dynamical ordering of driven superconducting vortices.
  • The findings support the generalization of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism to a broader range of non-equilibrium phenomena.
  • This work provides experimental evidence for defect formation dynamics in driven systems.