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Cardiovascular Risk Score and Pulmonary Gas Exchange in COVID-19 Patients Show No Correlation.
Sebastiano Cicco1,2, C Mozzini3, R Carella1
1COVID Section, Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|December 17, 2022
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) significantly increases COVID-19 mortality risk. Higher Framingham Risk Scores (FRS) in deceased patients correlated with reduced lung function, not blood gas levels or inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
Background:
- COVID-19 is associated with systemic inflammation and increased mortality risk in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- Identifying predictors of negative outcomes is crucial for clinical management.
- Cardiovascular disease risk scores are valuable tools for assessing cardiovascular event risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate oxygenation and patient characteristics in COVID-19 patients stratified by cardiovascular risk using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS).
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 155 COVID-19 patients (110 males, 45 females; mean age 67.43 years) underwent physical examination, chest imaging, laboratory tests, and blood gas analysis.
- Patients were categorized based on their Framingham Risk Score (FRS).
- Outcomes were compared between deceased (17 patients) and surviving (138 patients) groups.
Main Results:
- Deceased patients exhibited significantly higher FRS (27.37 vs. 21.33) and elevated white blood cells and D-dimers compared to survivors.
- No significant differences in pCO2, SO2, or alveolar-arteriolar oxygen difference (A-aDO2) were observed between groups.
- Deceased patients had higher pO2 and lower PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio; FRS negatively correlated with P/F in non-survivors.
Conclusions:
- Cardiovascular disease is a major risk factor for mortality in COVID-19 patients.
- Increased mortality risk is linked to reduced lung capacity, not altered blood gas values.
- Cardiovascular risk scores are independent of the inflammatory status in COVID-19 patients.
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