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Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
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Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing02:41

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Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
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Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV
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Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV

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Exon junction complex shapes the m6A epitranscriptome.

Xin Yang1,2, Robinson Triboulet1,2,3, Qi Liu1,2,4,5

  • 1Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

Nature Communications
|December 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The exon junction complex (EJC) controls N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification patterns. EJC depletion increases m6A near exon junctions, revealing how m6A distribution is established.

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Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq
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Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent mRNA modification, crucial for development and implicated in cancer.
  • m6A enrichment in 3' UTRs affects mRNA stability and translation, but its precise distribution mechanism is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism governing m6A distribution on mRNA.
  • To investigate the role of the exon junction complex (EJC) in regulating m6A modification patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Depletion of EIF4A3, a core EJC component.
  • Analysis of METTL3 binding and m6A modification sites.
  • Reporter gene assays to assess splicing and EJC deposition effects on m6A.

Main Results:

  • The EJC sterically blocks METTL3-mediated m6A modification near exon junctions within the coding sequence.
  • EIF4A3 depletion leads to increased METTL3 binding and m6A modification on short internal exons and near exon-exon junctions.
  • Reporter assays confirm splicing and EIF4A3 deposition regulate m6A via steric hindrance of METTL3.

Conclusions:

  • The EJC actively shapes the m6A epitranscriptome by restricting m6A deposition near exon junctions.
  • This mechanism explains the characteristic patterns of m6A modification observed across the transcriptome.