Interaction of the Microbiota and the Enteric Nervous System During Development

Area of Science:

• Neurogastroenterology
• Microbiome Research
• Developmental Biology

Background:

• The gastrointestinal tract harbors the enteric nervous system (ENS) and a complex gut microbiota.
• Emerging evidence highlights bidirectional communication between the ENS and microbiota.
• Understanding their interplay is crucial for gastrointestinal health.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes recent findings from mouse models.
• Focuses on concurrent development of ENS and microbiota during pre- and postnatal stages.
• Examines microbiota's influence on ENS development and antibiotic exposure effects.

Key Points:

• Concurrent development of the ENS and gut microbiota occurs during critical early life stages.
• Microbiota composition and function can significantly shape ENS development.
• Antibiotic exposure during sensitive developmental windows may have lasting impacts on ENS-microbiota interactions.

Conclusions:

• The developing gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in enteric nervous system formation.
• Early-life microbial colonization and antibiotic exposure are critical determinants of gut neurodevelopment.
• Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms and clinical implications.