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Related Concept Videos

Three-Phase Circuits01:22

Three-Phase Circuits

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AC power distribution systems have three categories: single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase systems. The single-phase circuit, common in residential settings, typically employs a two-wire system connecting a single AC source to various loads. These circuits support standard household appliances operating at 120 volts (V) and 240 V, such as lamps, televisions, and microwaves. The first generators, Niagara Falls hydro plant installed in 1895, were two-phase and designed by Nikola Tesla. The...
457
Generation of Three-Phase Voltage01:21

Generation of Three-Phase Voltage

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A three-phase AC generator has a rotor with a rotating magnet placed within the stator mounted with the stationary three-phase winding to generate three-phase voltages via mutual induction. These windings are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the stator and are arranged 120 electrical degrees apart. Three-phase stator windings consist of three separate coils or groups of coils, known as phases, each connected in Y (star) configuration or Delta configuration.
As the rotor...
445
Three-Phase Short Circuit—Unloaded Synchronous Machine01:21

Three-Phase Short Circuit—Unloaded Synchronous Machine

187
Conducting a three-phase short circuit test on an unloaded synchronous machine helps understand its impact on the system. The AC fault current's oscillogram, with the DC offset removed, reveals that the waveform amplitude decreases from an initially high value to a steady-state level for one phase of the machine.
This behavior occurs due to the magnetic flux produced by the short-circuit armature currents. Initially, these currents follow high-reluctance paths but eventually shift to...
187
Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits01:21

Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits

131
Determining the subtransient fault current in a power system involves representing transformers by their leakage reactances, transmission lines by their equivalent series reactances, and synchronous machines as constant voltage sources behind their subtransient reactances. In this analysis, certain elements are excluded, such as winding resistances, series resistances, shunt admittances, delta-Y phase shifts, armature resistance, saturation, saliency, non-rotating impedance loads, and small...
131
Bus Impedance Matrix01:24

Bus Impedance Matrix

155
Calculating subtransient fault currents for three-phase faults in an N-bus power system involves using the positive-sequence network. When a three-phase short circuit occurs at a specific bus, the analysis uses the superposition method to evaluate two separate circuits.
In the first circuit, all machine voltage sources are short-circuited, leaving only the prefault voltage source at the fault location. The positive-sequence bus impedance matrix can be determined by solving the nodal equations,...
155
Three-Phase Voltages01:30

Three-Phase Voltages

282
A three-phase generator produces three voltages that are equal in magnitude but have a phase difference of 120 degrees. This identical magnitude and equal phase separated voltages are known as the balanced voltages and help to minimize power loss while ensuring a steady delivery of energy to connected loads. As voltage sources in a three-phase system can be configured in a wye or a delta formation, the loads connected to these systems can also be arranged in either configuration. This...
282

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Related Experiment Video

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Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
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Design and Implementation of a SiC-Based Multifunctional Back-to-Back Three-Phase Inverter for Advanced Microgrid

Chao-Tsung Ma1, Zhi-Yuan Zheng1

  • 1Applied Power Electronics Systems Research Group, Department of EE, CEECS, National United University, Miaoli City 36063, Taiwan.

Micromachines
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a Silicon Carbide (SiC)-based back-to-back inverter to replace static switches in microgrids (MGs). This enables seamless mode switching and improved power quality for renewable energy integration.

Keywords:
back-to-back (BTB) inverterdistributed generation (DG)microgrid (MG)renewable energy (RE)static switch (SS)wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Power Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Growing adoption of microgrids (MGs) and renewable energy (RE) sources necessitates advanced control for grid-connected systems.
  • Static switches (SS) at the point of common coupling (PCC) limit seamless operation between grid-connected and standalone modes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To replace the static switch in grid-connected MGs with a Silicon Carbide (SiC)-based back-to-back (BTB) inverter.
  • To develop advanced power flow control schemes for seamless mode transition and enhanced MG performance.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling of the BTB inverter in the synchronous reference frame (SRF).
  • Design of advanced controllers for bidirectional power flow, seamless switching, power quality (PQ) improvement, and voltage stabilization.
  • Simulation analysis in MATLAB/Simulink and hardware implementation using a Texas Instruments (TI) DSP TMS320LF2812.

Main Results:

  • The SiC-based BTB inverter successfully replaced the static switch, enabling seamless transitions between grid-connected and standalone modes.
  • Demonstrated bidirectional control of active and reactive power flows.
  • Achieved significant improvements in grid power quality (PQ) and voltage stabilization.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed SiC-based BTB inverter system with advanced control schemes offers a viable solution for enhancing the performance of grid-connected microgrids.
  • The system provides reliable and efficient power flow management, seamless mode switching, and superior power quality.
  • Validated through simulation and hardware implementation, the approach confirms its effectiveness for modern microgrid applications.