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Related Concept Videos

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

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Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Integration of Wet and Dry Bench Processes Optimizes Targeted Next-generation Sequencing of Low-quality and Low-quantity Tumor Biopsies
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Mitigating Cancer Overdiagnosis.

Ismail Jatoi1

  • 1Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.

Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
|January 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer overdiagnosis, the detection of non-lethal cancers through screening, is a growing public health issue. It leads to unnecessary treatments, patient harm, and wasted resources, necessitating careful screening strategy selection.

Keywords:
Cancer overdiagnosisCancer screening

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Medical Screening

Background:

  • Overdiagnosis involves detecting cancers that do not threaten life and would remain undetected without screening.
  • Advancements in screening technologies have increased the detection rates of non-lethal cancers globally.
  • This phenomenon poses a significant public health concern due to its downstream consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the issue of cancer overdiagnosis.
  • To illustrate cancer overdiagnosis using examples from thyroid, breast, and pancreatic cancer screening.
  • To propose strategies for mitigating the adverse effects of overdiagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the concept and implications of cancer overdiagnosis.
  • Examination of specific cancer screening programs (thyroid, breast, pancreatic) where overdiagnosis is a concern.
  • Analysis of the impact of overdiagnosis on patients and healthcare systems.

Main Results:

  • Cancer overdiagnosis results in unnecessary medical treatments, exposing patients to treatment-related morbidity and mortality.
  • It leads to significant waste of healthcare resources.
  • Patients face psychological distress, anxiety, job discrimination, and financial hardship due to overdiagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Screening strategies should be adopted only if randomized trials demonstrate a reduction in cancer mortality.
  • Informing patients about the potential benefits and risks of cancer screening, especially the risk of overdiagnosis, is crucial.
  • Mitigating overdiagnosis requires a critical evaluation of screening efficacy and patient communication.