[Allergology: what's new in 2022].

Area of Science:

• Immunology and Allergy Research
• Vaccine Safety and Efficacy
• Pediatric Allergy Prevention

Context:

• Extensive research has focused on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine reactions, with the basophil activation test (BAT) emerging as a key diagnostic tool.
• Lirentelimab, a monoclonal antibody, demonstrates efficacy in managing allergic rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms and comorbidities.
• Tezepelumab, another monoclonal antibody, has shown significant reduction in exacerbations for severe asthma patients.

Purpose:

• To explore the utility of the basophil activation test (BAT) in identifying adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines.
• To review the therapeutic potential of lirentelimab in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and tezepelumab in severe asthma.
• To highlight updated European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) guidelines on infant feeding practices for allergy prevention.

Summary:

• The basophil activation test (BAT) is investigated as a diagnostic method for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hypersensitivity.
• Clinical studies show lirentelimab effectively reduces symptoms in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and tezepelumab decreases exacerbations in severe asthma.
• New EAACI guidelines advise against early cow's milk supplementation in neonates to mitigate the risk of cow's milk allergy.

Impact:

• Potential for improved diagnostics in vaccine adverse reactions.
• Advancements in targeted biologic therapies for allergic diseases and severe asthma.
• Evidence-based dietary recommendations for reducing infant allergy prevalence.