Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities
Published on: July 29, 2014
Evaluation of Two Educational Modalities for the Clinical Practice Guideline for Opioid Therapy for Chronic Pain for
Suzanne L Hurtado1, Cynthia M Simon-Arndt, Jennifer N Belding
1Hurtado : Research Behavioral Health Scientist, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA. Simon-Arndt : Senior Behavioral Health Scientist, Naval Health Research Center, Leidos, Inc, San Diego, CA. Dr. Belding : Behavioral Health Researcher, Naval Health Research Center, Leidos, Inc, San Diego, CA. Sanchez : Research Scientist, Naval Health Research Center, Leidos, Inc, San Diego, CA. Dr. Spevak : Director Pain Management Fellowship, Director Opioid Safety Program, National Capital Region Pain Initiative, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD. Osik : Senior Program Manager, National Capital Region Pain Initiative, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD.
Introduction:
The Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) for the Management of Opioid Therapy for Chronic Pain was updated in 2017 with targeted guidance to provide safe opioid use while mitigating the increasing levels of prescription opioid misuse among military personnel. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two educational training modalities for the CPG (an online training [OLT] module and a mobile app) on provider's knowledge, practices, and comfort with the CPG. The OLT was a self-paced interactive slide-based module that emphasized practical application, and the app provided information on the revised CPG and provider and patient resources.
Methods:
Active duty providers (N = 56) were randomly assigned to one of four groups (OLT only, app only, OLT and app combined, or neither OLT nor the app), and they completed a pre-test and an 8-week post-test.
Results:
Compared with those who received neither intervention, providers who received OLT only or the app only showed significant increases in knowledge over time. The combination of both OLT and app did not seem to significantly increase knowledge above either the OLT or the app alone. Neither the OLT, the app, nor their combination significantly increased either practices or comfort over time.
Discussion:
These results show that use of these educational tools, individually, was associated with an increase in provider knowledge, suggesting that these tools constitute a valuable addition to the available resources to optimize CPG implementation.
Related Concept Videos
Analgesia and Pain Management
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
Opioid Receptors: Overview
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
Drug Administration and Therapy Phases: Overview
The pharmaceutical phase focuses on leveraging the physicochemical properties of the drug to design and manufacture an effective product. Variants include orally administered tablets or capsules, topical creams or ointments, and parenteral-delivery solutions or emulsions.
The pharmacokinetic phase...

