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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 8, 2025

Seedless Growth of Bismuth Nanowire Array via Vacuum Thermal Evaporation

Seedless Growth of Bismuth Nanowire Array via Vacuum Thermal Evaporation

Published on: December 21, 2015

Structural properties of Bi/Au(110).

Egzona Neziri¹, Wei Zhang¹, Alexander Smogunov²

¹Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France.

|February 27, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Atomically thin bismuth films offer unique properties for spintronics and optoelectronics. This study reveals specific structural reconstructions of bismuth on gold surfaces at various coverages, proposing atomic models.

Keywords:

2D bismuth DFT STM

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Versatile Technique to Produce a Hierarchical Design in Nanoporous Gold

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Published on: February 10, 2023

Area of Science:

Surface science
Materials science
Condensed matter physics

Background:

Atomically thin bismuth (2D Bi) films are gaining attention for their unique properties.
These films have potential applications in spintronics, electronic, and optoelectronic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the structural properties of bismuth films on a gold (Au(110)) surface.
To identify and characterize specific surface reconstructions at sub-monolayer bismuth coverages.

Main Methods:

Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) for structural analysis.
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) for atomic-scale imaging.
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for theoretical validation.

Main Results:

Observed various surface reconstructions at bismuth coverages below one monolayer (ML).
Focused on Bi/Au(110)-c(2 × 2) reconstruction at 0.5 ML and Bi/Au(110)-(3 × 3) structure at 0.66 ML.
Proposed structural models for these reconstructions supported by STM and DFT.

Conclusions:

The study elucidates the atomic structures of specific bismuth reconstructions on Au(110).
These findings contribute to understanding 2D bismuth growth and its surface properties.
The proposed models provide a basis for further research into 2D Bi applications.