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Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit01:20

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In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
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Three-dimensional on-chip mode converter.

Ze-Zheng Li, Yang Ouyang, Zhong-Tian Li

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    Researchers developed a 3D linear polarized mode converter using femtosecond laser direct writing. This device efficiently generates high-order optical modes on-chip, advancing photonic circuit capabilities.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and optical engineering
    • Integrated optics
    • Waveguide technology

    Background:

    • Improving photonic circuit capabilities requires manipulating photon degrees of freedom.
    • High-order optical modes offer potential for increased data capacity and novel functionalities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and fabricate a three-dimensional (3D) linear polarized (LP) LP11 mode converter.
    • To demonstrate on-chip generation of LP11 modes with low insertion loss.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) technique.
    • Constructed a converter comprising multi-mode waveguides, symmetric Y splitters, and phase-delaying waveguides.
    • Arranged circular cross-section waveguides in specific configurations.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully designed and fabricated the 3D LP11 mode converter.
    • Generated LP11a and LP11b modes on-chip.
    • Achieved relatively low insertion loss for the generated modes.

    Conclusions:

    • The fabricated mode converter enables on-chip generation and conversion of different optical modes.
    • This work provides a foundation for high-order mode manipulation in 3D photonic circuits.
    • The device is significant for mode coding and decoding applications in advanced photonic systems.