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Photon acceleration in plasma wakefields can overcome dephasing limitations using tailored density profiles. This enables unlimited frequency upshifts for witness laser pulses, enhancing their energy and intensity.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma physics
  • Laser-plasma interactions
  • Nonlinear optics

Background:

  • Plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) can frequency upshift laser pulses.
  • Dephasing due to group delay limits frequency shifts in uniform plasmas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To find phase-matching conditions for laser pulse frequency upshifting in plasma wakefields.
  • To investigate unlimited frequency shifts using tailored plasma density profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Analytic solutions for 1D nonlinear plasma wakes driven by electron beams.
  • Fully self-consistent 1D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations.
  • Quasi-3D PIC simulations.

Main Results:

  • Tailored density profiles enable sustained phase-matching for frequency upshifting.
  • Analytic and simulation results show unlimited frequency shifts are possible.
  • Demonstrated frequency shifts exceeding 40x in 1D PIC simulations.
  • Observed frequency shifts up to 10x in quasi-3D PIC simulations.
  • Achieved a 5x increase in pulse energy with temporal compression.

Conclusions:

  • Tailored plasma density profiles overcome dephasing limitations in photon acceleration.
  • Unlimited frequency upshifts and significant energy gains are achievable.
  • This technique generates high-intensity extreme ultraviolet laser pulses.