CRISPR/Cas genome editing in tomato improvement: Advances and applications

Area of Science:

• Plant Science
• Genetics and Genomics
• Agricultural Biotechnology

Background:

• Tomato's narrow genetic base presents significant breeding challenges.
• CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing offers a powerful tool for rapid and efficient tomato improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in CRISPR/Cas technology for tomato breeding.
• To highlight the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in modifying diverse tomato traits.

Main Methods:

• CRISPR/Cas9 for targeted gene editing in tomato.
• Utilizing innovations like online SgRNA design, multiplexing, and advanced cloning techniques.
• Employing efficient transformation protocols including Agrobacterium and DNA-free protoplast methods.

Main Results:

• CRISPR/Cas9 has been successfully used to edit traits related to plant architecture, fruit characteristics, ripening, nutritional content, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance.
• The technology enables the introgression of elite traits from wild relatives into cultivated tomato.
• Advanced CRISPR/Cas systems, including Cas12a and base/prime editing, expand editing capabilities.

Conclusions:

• CRISPR/Cas technology is revolutionizing tomato breeding, enabling faster development of improved cultivars.
• The continuous innovation in CRISPR/Cas tools enhances its applicability and efficiency in crop improvement.
• CRISPR/Cas-mediated breeding holds significant potential for addressing global food security challenges through enhanced tomato varieties.