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Relationship between Migraine and Patent Foramen Ovale Observed by Contrast-enhanced Transthoracic Echocardiography

Xuerong Fu1, Mingxing Li1

  • 1Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|March 22, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is significantly associated with migraine. The study found a higher PFO positive rate and right-to-left shunt (RLS) in migraine patients compared to controls, suggesting PFO-RLS may be linked to migraine.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Migraine is a common neurological disorder.
  • Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a cardiac anomaly.
  • The association between PFO and migraine requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between migraine and PFO.
  • To determine if PFO-related right-to-left shunt (RLS) is more prevalent in migraine patients.

Main Methods:

  • Contrast-enhanced transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE) was used to detect PFO.
  • Eighty-five migraine with aura (MA) patients and 85 migraine without aura (MO) patients were studied.
  • A control group of 65 healthy individuals was included for comparison.

Main Results:

  • A significant difference in PFO positive rates was observed among MA, MO, and control groups (p=0.002).
  • Significant differences in PFO-related right-to-left shunt (PFO-RLS) prevalence, including Grade 2 and Grade 3 shunts, were found between groups (p=0.043 and p=0.013).
  • The size of PFO-RLS shunt may correlate with migraine severity.

Conclusions:

  • PFO is significantly associated with migraine.
  • PFO-RLS, particularly Grade 2 and 3 shunts, may play a crucial role in both MA and MO.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the causal relationship and clinical implications.

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