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Body Composition Changes Over the Menopausal Transition in Women With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Rebecca A Abelman1, Thuy Trang J Nguyen1, Yifei Ma1
1Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Summary
Menopause transition typically causes weight gain, but HIV may blunt this effect. Women with HIV showed decreased BMI and waist circumference during menopause, unlike women without HIV.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive endocrinology
- Infectious disease research
- Public health
Background:
- Menopause is linked to weight gain in women.
- Few studies investigate menopause's impact on weight in women with HIV (WWH).
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine how menopause affects body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in WWH compared to women without HIV (WWOH).
Main Methods:
- Analyzed data from 621 WWH and 218 WWOH (2000-2013).
- Categorized menopausal phase using anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels.
- Used mixed-effects models to assess BMI and WC trajectories by HIV status and menopausal phase.
Main Results:
- WWH showed a negative BMI trajectory during early perimenopause (-0.55%) and menopause (-0.67%) compared to premenopause.
- WWOH showed a positive BMI trajectory during early perimenopause (0.43%) and late perimenopause (0.15%).
- WC changes were mostly non-significant but trended negative in WWH and positive in WWOH.
Conclusions:
- The menopausal transition is associated with negative BMI and WC trajectories in WWH.
- HIV appears to blunt the age-related weight gain typically seen during menopause.
- Findings suggest a protective effect of HIV on weight gain during menopausal transition.
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