[Update on allergenic immunotherapy for asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis].

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Allergy and Immunology

Context:

• Allergic diseases represent a significant global health burden.
• Current treatments primarily manage symptoms, lacking disease-modifying capabilities.

Purpose:

• To summarize the principles and current status of allergenic immunotherapy.
• To highlight its unique role in modifying allergic disease progression.

Summary:

• Allergenic immunotherapy involves administering gradually increasing doses of allergens to induce tolerance.
• Available as subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), both formulations demonstrate comparable efficacy.
• This treatment is the sole option for modifying allergic disease course, offering short- and long-term symptom remission.
• It can be integrated with biologic therapies for conditions like asthma to enhance treatment tolerance.

Impact:

• Provides a foundational understanding of a crucial allergy treatment.
• Emphasizes the potential for long-term remission and disease modification in allergic conditions.
• Informs clinical practice regarding immunotherapy options and combinations.