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Dermoscopic Nail Disorders in School-Going Children.

Fatima Zahoor¹, Arfan Ul Bari², Najia Ahmed¹

¹Department of Dermatology, PNS (Pakistan Navy Station) Shifa Hospital, Karachi, PAK.

|May 1, 2023

Summary

Dermoscopy aids in diagnosing pediatric nail diseases, complementing clinical evaluation. This non-invasive technique enhances understanding of nail pathology and structure in children.

Keywords:

anemia childhood nail disorder dermoscopic nail eczema nutritional deficiency onychoscopy

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Dermatology
Dermatopathology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Nail diseases in children often mirror adult conditions but can indicate underlying systemic issues.
Clinical diagnosis of pediatric nail disorders is usually straightforward, but some conditions can be misleading.
Dermoscopy is an increasingly favored, non-invasive tool for examining nail diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the dermoscopic findings in children diagnosed with various nail diseases.
To assess the utility of dermoscopy in confirming clinical diagnoses of pediatric nail conditions.

Main Methods:

A prospective study involving 180 pediatric patients with dermatological complaints was conducted over seven months.
Detailed clinical and dermoscopic examinations of nails were performed.
Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including the chi-square test.

Main Results:

The most frequent nail changes observed were hand eczema (23%), nutritional disorders (21%), anemia (19%), and habit tic deformity (17.2%).
Dermoscopic examination provided valuable insights into nail pathology.

Conclusions:

Clinical assessment remains fundamental for diagnosing pediatric nail diseases.
Dermoscopy is a valuable adjunct to clinical diagnosis, confirming findings and clarifying nail structure and pathology.
The use of dermoscopy can improve the management of nail illnesses in children.