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Field programmable gate array compression for large array multispeckle diffuse correlation spectroscopy.

Francescopaolo Mattioli Della Rocca1, Edbert J Sie2, Ryan Catoen2

  • 1The University of Edinburgh, School of Engineering, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Journal of Biomedical Optics
|May 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new data compression scheme for single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) cameras significantly enhances diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) for cerebral blood flow measurement. This innovation improves signal-to-noise ratio and system integration for advanced medical imaging.

Keywords:
diffuse correlation spectroscopyfield-programmable gate array compressionmultispecklesingle-photon avalanche diode

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Medical Imaging Technology
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) noninvasively quantifies cerebral blood flow using light autocorrelation.
  • Multispeckle DCS with single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) cameras increases sensitivity but faces data rate and computation challenges.
  • High data rates from SPAD cameras exceed standard transfer capabilities, requiring specialized computation for real-time analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate an on-FPGA data compression scheme for large-pixel-count SPAD cameras.
  • To enable streamlined system integration and democratize the use of SPAD cameras in multispeckle DCS.
  • To address the computational bottleneck in real-time processing of high-volume data from SPAD cameras.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented a data compression scheme directly on the readout field-programmable gate array (FPGA) of a SPAD camera.
  • Utilized a 128-linear autocorrelation (AC) SPAD array embedded on an FPGA.
  • Calculated 12,288 autocorrelation functions (ACFs) in real time.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain of 110 compared to single-pixel DCS systems.
  • Demonstrated a threefold increase in SNR over existing state-of-the-art multispeckle DCS.
  • Successfully implemented real-time ACF calculation on the FPGA.

Conclusions:

  • The FPGA-embedded autocorrelation algorithm provides a scalable data compression solution for large SPAD arrays.
  • This approach enhances the sensitivity and practical usability of multispeckle DCS instruments.
  • The developed scheme facilitates wider adoption of advanced SPAD camera technology in biomedical applications.