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Anti-noise UWFBG-array enhanced DAS system using double-pulse-based time-domain adaptive delay interference.

Xin Gui, Siqi He, Yiming Wang

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    |May 24, 2023
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new anti-noise technique for ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UWFBG) distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) uses double-pulse interference. This method enhances signal-to-noise ratio by over 8 dB, improving acoustic signal detection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Sensing
    • Fiber Optic Sensors
    • Acoustic Sensing Technology

    Background:

    • Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) systems using ultra-weak fiber Bragg gratings (UWFBGs) are susceptible to noise.
    • Traditional single-pulse interrogation methods have limitations in matching optical path differences, affecting accuracy.
    • Interferometer-induced noise can degrade the performance of UWFBG-based DAS systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate an anti-noise interrogation technique for UWFBG-based DAS systems.
    • To overcome the limitations of traditional single-pulse methods regarding optical path difference matching.
    • To improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and accuracy of acoustic signal restoration in DAS.

    Main Methods:

    • Implementation of a double-pulse-based time-domain adaptive delay interference technique.
    • Flexible adaptation of the delay fiber length and double-pulse interval to UWFBG arrays with varying grating spacing.
    • Accurate restoration of acoustic signals using time-domain adjustable delay interference.

    Main Results:

    • Successful acoustic signal restoration with grating spacing of 15 m and 20 m.
    • Significant suppression of interferometer-induced noise compared to single-pulse methods.
    • Achieved over 8-dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement without additional optical devices for noise frequencies below 100 Hz and vibration accelerations below 0.1 m/s².

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed double-pulse interrogation technique effectively reduces noise in UWFBG-based DAS systems.
    • This method offers greater flexibility in system design by reducing the required optical path difference.
    • The technique provides a significant SNR improvement, enhancing the reliability and performance of distributed acoustic sensing.