Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Viruses with RNA Genomes

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...

Leaky Scanning

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Secreted Nonstructural Protein 3 is a Pathogenic Determinant of Orbivirus.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Same author

Glycosylated NS3/NS3A protein of bluetongue virus facilitates efficient viral egress via lipid raft anchoring.

Journal of virology·2026

Same author

Engineered BioAIE photosensitizer from natural cryptolepine: Amplifying type I/II ROS for photodynamic eradication of bacteria.

Materials today. Bio·2026

Same author

<i>TRIM5α</i>/Cyclophilin A-Modified MDBK Cells for Lentiviral-Based Gene Editing.

Viruses·2025

Same author

Palmitoylation-dependent association with Annexin II directs hepatitis E virus ORF3 sorting into vesicles and quasi-enveloped virions.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same author

Development of a pan-genotypic monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA for the detection of antibodies against Bovine viral diarrhea virus.

Frontiers in immunology·2024

Same journal

Mammalian Respiratory Chain Complex Assemblies and Their Links to Mitochondria Stress-Induced Human Diseases.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026

Same journal

Enzyme Assemblies in Nucleotide Metabolism: Structure, Regulation, and Disease Implications.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026

Same journal

The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex: A 90-Year-Old Enigma Shaping the Future of Structural Enzymology.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026

Same journal

Regulation of the Anti-termination RNA Transcription Complex by Lon-Mediated Lambda N Degradation.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026

Same journal

PCNA Macromolecular Complexes: PCNA Serves as a Molecular Hub Regulating Multiple Cellular Processes Inside and Outside of the Nucleus.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026

Same journal

Dynamic Assemblies in Genome Maintenance.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

Morphogenesis of Hepatitis E Virus.

Xing Liu¹, Shuhui Qi¹, Xin Yin²

¹State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|May 24, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) exists in both naked and quasi-enveloped forms, impacting hepatitis E pathogenesis. Recent discoveries explore the dual life cycle and implications of quasi-enveloped HEV, advancing molecular biology understanding.

Keywords:

Morphogenesis Naked HEV Quasi-enveloped Virions

More Related Videos

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Published on: June 5, 2020

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Published on: February 1, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 29, 2025

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Modeling Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Non-Hepatic 293T-NE-3NRs Cells

Published on: June 5, 2020

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Published on: February 1, 2017

Area of Science:

Virology
Hepatology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) was historically classified as a non-enveloped virus.
HEV is a major global cause of acute hepatitis.
Recent findings reveal a quasi-enveloped form of HEV associated with a lipid membrane.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent discoveries on the dual life cycle of naked and quasi-enveloped HEV.
To discuss the implications of quasi-envelopment in HEV molecular biology.
To elucidate the biogenesis and functional mechanisms of quasi-enveloped HEV virions.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent HEV research.
Analysis of studies on HEV virion composition and biogenesis.
Discussion of the functional roles of different HEV forms in pathogenesis.

Main Results:

HEV exhibits a dual life cycle involving both naked and quasi-enveloped virions.
The quasi-enveloped form of HEV is associated with a lipid membrane.
Both forms contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of hepatitis E.

Conclusions:

The existence of quasi-enveloped HEV challenges previous classifications.
Understanding the biogenesis and function of quasi-enveloped HEV is crucial.
This dual nature of HEV has significant implications for understanding HEV molecular biology and pathogenesis.