Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

4.9K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
4.9K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

7.2K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
7.2K
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

58.8K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
58.8K
Mutations in Microorganisms01:18

Mutations in Microorganisms

36
Mutations are heritable changes in an organism’s genome involving alterations in the base sequence of DNA or RNA. These changes can influence cellular processes and phenotypic traits, potentially transforming the unaltered wild type into a mutant form. Such changes, termed forward mutations, are pivotal in shaping the genetic diversity of organisms.RNA viruses exhibit the highest mutation rates due to the absence of robust proofreading mechanisms during genome replication. In contrast,...
36
Genome Copying Errors02:46

Genome Copying Errors

4.3K
DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their  survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.
4.3K
Spontaneous and Induced Mutations01:30

Spontaneous and Induced Mutations

47
Spontaneous mutations arise infrequently during DNA replication due to errors in the process. A key factor behind these errors is tautomeric shifts in nitrogenous bases, where bases transition from keto to enol forms or amino to imino forms. This shift can alter base-pairing rules, leading to mutations. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising from aerobic metabolism can damage DNA, resulting in depurination (loss of a purine base) or depyrimidination (loss of a pyrimidine base).
47

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multiscale evolution of the 3D genome.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same author

The evolution of high-order genome architecture revealed from 1,000 species.

Cell·2026
Same author

Variant Calling in the Dark Genome: Benchmarking SNV Calls in the Flanks of Structural Variants.

Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics·2026
Same author

The 9th International RASopathies Symposium.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A·2026
Same author

Highly accurate ab initio gene annotation with ANNEVO.

Nature methods·2026
Same author

Autosomal Dominant Transmission Reframes Reproductive Counseling in Myhre Syndrome: A Novel Family and Literature Review.

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics·2025
Same journal

The future of marsupial gene editing: What's in the (tool) pouch?

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

Genetic suppressors as new therapeutic targets for Mendelian diseases.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

Beyond housekeeping: snRNA diversity, regulation, and human disease.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

Rethinking mitochondrial metabolism: Intraindividual variability meets population constraints.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

A role for epigenetics in rapid adaptation.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
Same journal

The myth of asexual fungi.

Trends in genetics : TIG·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Measuring Microbial Mutation Rates with the Fluctuation Assay
07:44

Measuring Microbial Mutation Rates with the Fluctuation Assay

Published on: November 28, 2019

23.7K

Fine-tuning germline mutation rates across evolution.

Stephen J Bush1, Anne Goriely1

  • 1MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Trends in Genetics : TIG
|May 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers estimated species-specific germline mutation rates (GMR) across diverse species. This study reveals how GMR influences and is influenced by life-history traits, providing key evolutionary insights.

More Related Videos

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis
08:36

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis

Published on: July 16, 2019

11.7K
Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

1.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Measuring Microbial Mutation Rates with the Fluctuation Assay
07:44

Measuring Microbial Mutation Rates with the Fluctuation Assay

Published on: November 28, 2019

23.7K
Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis
08:36

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis

Published on: July 16, 2019

11.7K
Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

1.0K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genomics
  • Population genetics

Background:

  • The germline mutation rate (GMR) is fundamental to evolutionary processes, introducing genetic variation.
  • Understanding GMR variation across species is crucial for evolutionary studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate species-specific GMR using a broad phylogenetic dataset.
  • To investigate the relationship between GMR and various life-history traits.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic sequencing of a large dataset.
  • Comparative genomic analysis.
  • Statistical modeling to correlate GMR with life-history traits.

Main Results:

  • Successful estimation of GMR for numerous species.
  • Identification of significant correlations between GMR and life-history traits.
  • Insights into the evolutionary pressures shaping mutation rates.

Conclusions:

  • GMR is a dynamic parameter influenced by species' life histories.
  • The study provides a foundation for understanding mutation rate evolution.
  • Bergeron et al. offer novel perspectives on the interplay between mutation and evolution.