Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

3.4K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

7.8K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.8K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

6.4K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.4K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

7.7K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.7K
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

886
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
886
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

575
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
575

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Amsterdam IMAging and Clinical GliOma Dataset; IMAGO.

Scientific data·2026
Same author

Hetairos is a histology-based artificial intelligence model for predicting central nervous system tumor methylation subtypes.

Nature cancer·2026
Same author

AOSNP-ADAPTR resource level-based recommendations on practical diagnostic strategies for ependymomas.

Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Primary Mismatch Repair Deficient Glioma (PMMRDG), IDH-wildtype and H3-wildtype: A Giant Cell Tumor with Potential for Long-Term Survival Occurring at all Ages.

Neuro-oncology·2026
Same author

cIMPACT-NOW update 12: Refining Pathology-based Risk Stratification and Grading for IDH-mutant Gliomas.

Neuro-oncology·2026
Same author

Molecular Pathology of Primary Central Nervous System Tumors: When and How Immunohistochemical Surrogates Inform Diagnosis.

Surgical pathology clinics·2026
Same journal

Alzheimer's disease in the <i>Plasticene</i> era: a clinicopathological update on the dual sequestration of amyloid and tau as hijacked innate immune responses.

Free neuropathology·2026
Same journal

An integrated multiscale imaging workflow to resolve intracellular co-pathology in human FFPE brain tissue.

Free neuropathology·2026
Same journal

Unclassifiable senile plaques and extensive cerebral amyloid angiopathy involving spinal and bridging vessels in autopsied patients with Down syndrome.

Free neuropathology·2026
Same journal

Brain extraction for fixed tissue banking: a technical report.

Free neuropathology·2026
Same journal

Forensic neuropathology: 2026 update.

Free neuropathology·2026
Same journal

Mass spectrometry imaging-based explainable machine learning reveals the biochemical landscapes of the mouse brain.

Free neuropathology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice
05:39

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Published on: December 27, 2024

490

Neurooncology: 2022 update.

Pieter Wesseling1,2, Jacob S Rozowsky1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers/VUmc, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Free Neuropathology
|June 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights 2021

Keywords:
Brain tumorGlioblastomaMedulloblastomaMolecular diagnosticsNeuropathology

More Related Videos

Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells
10:01

Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells

Published on: August 2, 2022

6.7K
Human Neural Organoids for Studying Brain Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases
09:36

Human Neural Organoids for Studying Brain Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: June 28, 2019

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice
05:39

Surgical Transplantation of Tumor Cells into the Spinal Cord of Mice

Published on: December 27, 2024

490
Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells
10:01

Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells

Published on: August 2, 2022

6.7K
Human Neural Organoids for Studying Brain Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases
09:36

Human Neural Organoids for Studying Brain Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Published on: June 28, 2019

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumors
  • Pathology

Background:

  • The field of neuro-oncology is rapidly evolving.
  • Advances in understanding tumor biology and diagnostics are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • A review of recent discoveries provides valuable insights for clinicians and researchers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a curated selection of the top ten discoveries in neuro-oncological pathology from 2021.
  • To highlight advancements impacting the diagnosis, grading, and understanding of CNS tumors.
  • To discuss emerging research in glioma oncogenesis, tumor heterogeneity, and novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of key publications from 2021 in neuro-oncology.
  • Focus on studies with direct clinical diagnostic impact.
  • Inclusion of multi-omic investigations and novel therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Improved diagnostic and grading strategies for meningiomas.
  • New insights into the oncogenesis of gliomas, including optic and H3-mutant gliomas.
  • Unraveling glioblastoma heterogeneity through multi-omic analyses.
  • Potential repurposing of fluoxetine (Prozac®) for glioblastoma treatment.
  • Utility of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) liquid biopsy for medulloblastoma residual disease assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Recent discoveries are significantly advancing neuro-oncological pathology.
  • Multi-omic approaches are key to understanding tumor complexity.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies, including drug repurposing and liquid biopsies, show promise.
  • Continued research is essential for improving the management of CNS tumors.