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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

$Stress Distribution During Cold Compression of Rocks and Mineral Aggregates Using Synchrotron-based X-Ray Diffraction$

Stress Distribution During Cold Compression of Rocks and Mineral Aggregates Using Synchrotron-based X-Ray Diffraction

Published on: May 20, 2018

A MHz X-ray diffraction set-up for dynamic compression experiments in the diamond anvil cell.

Rachel J Husband¹, Cornelius Strohm¹, Karen Appel²

¹Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation

|June 15, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new experimental platform enables MHz X-ray diffraction for dynamic diamond anvil cell research. This allows detailed study of materials under rapid compression, revealing insights into their behavior at extreme conditions.

Keywords:

X-ray free-electron lasers diamond anvil cells dynamic compression extreme conditions science

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Last Updated: Jul 26, 2025

$Stress Distribution During Cold Compression of Rocks and Mineral Aggregates Using Synchrotron-based X-Ray Diffraction$

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Published on: May 20, 2018

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An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions

An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions

Published on: June 18, 2020

Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Materials science
High-pressure physics

Background:

Dynamic diamond anvil cells (dDACs) are crucial for studying material behavior under extreme pressures.
Previous limitations in data acquisition rates hindered real-time analysis of dynamic compression processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate an experimental platform for high-repetition-rate, pulse-resolved X-ray diffraction using dDACs.
To enable the study of materials under intermediate strain rates (up to 10^3 s^-1) with unprecedented temporal resolution.

Main Methods:

Utilized the High Energy Density (HED) Instrument at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (European XFEL) with its MHz repetition rate.
Employed piezo-driven dDACs capable of sample compression within 340 µs, synchronized with XFEL pulse trains.
Collected up to 352 pulse-resolved X-ray diffraction images per pulse train.

Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated MHz X-ray diffraction data collection from dynamically compressed samples.
Achieved intermediate strain rates up to ~1100 s^-1 during rapid compression of N2 at 23 TPa/s.
Observed a maximum compression rate of 87 TPa/s during the fast compression of Au.

Conclusions:

The developed platform provides a powerful new capability for investigating dynamic compression phenomena in materials.
This advancement opens avenues for exploring material phase transitions and kinetics under transient, high-pressure conditions.
The system's versatility allows for the study of diverse sample systems with varying X-ray scattering properties.