Endoscopic multiport resection of a transspatial, retromaxillary tumor

Tumors of the retromaxillary tissues can grow to involve multiple deep, skull base spaces, including the pterygopalatine fossa, infratemporal fossa, and the parapharyngeal space. Management of these tumors must account for heterogeneous pathology as well as the critical neurovasculature in and surrounding these spaces. Traditionally, these tumors have been approached the open skull base or anterior craniofacial approaches. Modern endoscopic endonasal and multiport approaches have increasingly become favored for certain tumors in the retromaxillary skull base region. In this report, we present the case of a 42-year-old male presented with refractory headache and was found to have a left-sided 5.0 cm tumor of the retromaxillary spaces with widening of foramen ovale. Differential diagnosis included schwannoma of the mandibular nerve, paraganglioma, salivary gland tumor, or soft tissue tumor. The tumor was approached via an expanded endoscopic approach to the pterygopalatine fossa and augmented with a Caldwell-Luc maxillotomy, to access the posterolateral extent of the tumor. A 2-surgeon team utilized visualization and instrumentation through both the transnasal and transmaxillotomy corridors to completely mobilize and remove the tumor. Post-resection imaging demonstrated complete removal of the tumor and pathology confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Custom, multiport surgery can be a safe, less invasive approach for successful management of well selected retromaxillary skull base tumors.