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The Gendered Consequences of COVID-19 for Internal Migration
Valerie Mueller1,2, Camila Páez-Bernal1, Clark Gray3
1School of Politics and Global Studies, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA.
Population Research and Policy Review
|July 3, 2023
Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic did not increase migrant women
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Economics
Background:
- Limited research exists on the pandemic's impact on migrant women's employment and unique challenges.
- Migrant women may face distinct vulnerabilities and barriers during health crises.
- Understanding these impacts is crucial for targeted support and policy development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on migrant women's mobility and health risk vulnerability in Kenya and Nigeria.
- To compare the experiences of migrant women with men during the pandemic.
- To identify factors influencing women's inter-regional migration patterns amidst the pandemic.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal mobile phone survey data merged with subnational COVID-19 case data.
- Analysis included approximately 2000 men and women across three survey rounds (Nov 2020-Jan 2022).
- Linear regression models were used to assess vulnerability and migration patterns.
Main Results:
- Internal migrants were not more vulnerable to COVID-19 transmission within their networks.
- Rural migrant women in Kenya and Nigeria showed lower transmission risk, possibly due to wealth or health knowledge.
- Increased per capita COVID-19 cases significantly reduced women's inter-regional migration.
Conclusions:
- The pandemic's impact on migrant women's mobility and health risk is nuanced, with rural women potentially experiencing less network transmission.
- COVID-19 exposure significantly deterred inter-regional migration among women in Kenya and Nigeria.
- Further research is needed to understand the long-term employment implications for migrant women.
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