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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

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Published on: May 23, 2025
Nanomaterial-based ophthalmic drug delivery.
Guocheng Xie1, Sisi Lin1, Feng Wu1
1Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
Nanomaterials offer advanced solutions for ocular drug delivery, overcoming limitations of conventional treatments. This review explores their functions, functionalization, and applications in treating eye diseases.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Conventional drugs for eye diseases suffer from low bioavailability and side effects.
- Nanomaterials present flexible and programmable properties, ideal for overcoming ocular barriers.
- Advances in nanofabrication enable diverse functional nanomaterials for ocular drug delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the functions of nanomaterials in ocular drug transport.
- To emphasize functionalization strategies for enhanced ophthalmic drug delivery.
- To discuss applications, limitations, and solutions for nanomaterial-based ocular delivery systems.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on nanomaterial applications in ophthalmology.
- Analysis of functionalization strategies for improved drug delivery.
- Discussion of design considerations for nanomaterial candidates.
Main Results:
- Nanomaterials exhibit unique properties for carrying and transporting ocular drugs.
- Functionalization strategies enhance the performance of ophthalmic drug delivery systems.
- Various nanomaterial-based systems are applied in treating anterior and posterior segment eye diseases.
Conclusions:
- Nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems show significant promise for treating ocular diseases.
- Addressing limitations through rational design and innovative strategies is crucial.
- This review provides insights for developing advanced nanotechnology-mediated ocular therapies.
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