Vertical Ridge Augmentation Using Distraction Osteogenesis Versus Autogenous Bone Grafting: A Systematic Review and...

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Regenerative Medicine
• Dental Implantology

Background:

• Vertical ridge augmentation is crucial for dental implant success.
• Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis (ADO) and Autogenous Bone Grafting (ABG) are common surgical techniques.
• Comparative data on their efficacy and safety is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically compare Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis (ADO) and Autogenous Bone Grafting (ABG) for vertical ridge augmentation.
• To evaluate differences in bone gain, bone resorption, and complication rates.
• To provide evidence-based insights for surgical technique selection.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing ADO and ABG.
• Searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library databases.
• Included four studies with 58 patients in the ADO group and 43 in the ABG group.

Main Results:

• Autogenous Bone Grafting (ABG) showed a statistically significant difference in bone height gain (SMD of -0.78).
• No statistically significant differences were found in bone resorption (SMD of 0.52).
• Complication rates were also statistically insignificant between ADO and ABG (OR of 0.55).

Conclusions:

• Both ADO and ABG are viable options for vertical ridge augmentation.
• ABG may offer an advantage in initial bone height gain.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate long-term outcomes and optimal patient selection.