Diagnostic Importance of PAX2, ARID1A, and FOXA1 Biomarkers in Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia
Ozlem Nur Yildiz1, Cumhur Selcuk Topal2, Itir Ebru Zemheri2
1Department of Pathology, SEKA State Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkiye.
Objective:
To evaluate the contribution of PAX2, ARID1A, and FOXA1 biomarkers to diagnosis in cases with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH).
Study Design:
Descriptive Study. Place and Duration of the Study: Pathology Department of Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, from January 2018 to December 2020.
Methodology:
Curettage materials of 100 patients diagnosed with AEH which stained PAX2, ARID1A, and FOXA1, were evaluated. The staining patterns in the atypical endometrial glandular areas were grouped as slight-no loss, moderate loss, and complete loss / severe loss for all three biomarkers. Complete or/severe loss in AEH was considered helpful in the diagnosis.
Results:
Complete loss / severe loss rates in curettages were 84% for PAX2, 5% for ARID1A, and 15% for FOXA1, respectively. When used in combination, complete loss / severe loss rates were 85% in at least one of the three markers, 84% in PAX2 and/or ARID1A, 85% in PAX2 and/or FOXA1, and 17% in ARID1A and/or FOXA1.
Conclusion:
Although all 3 biomarkers showed marked staining loss, PAX2 is the most sensitive biomarker for the diagnosis of AEH in curettage materials.
Key Words:
Endometrium, Atypical hyperplasia, PAX2, ARID1A, FOXA1.
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