Nanoscale Phytosomes as an Emerging Modality for Cancer Therapy

Area of Science:

• Plant-based nanomedicine
• Extracellular vesicle research
• Cancer therapeutics

Background:

• Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial for intercellular communication and defense.
• Plant-derived EVs, termed phytosomes, are nano-scaled vesicles (30-120 nm) carrying bioactive molecules.
• Phytosomes are abundant, easily isolatable, and share characteristics with mammalian EVs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the anti-cancer activity and characteristics of phytosomes from edible plants.
• To explore phytosomes as drug delivery vehicles for cancer treatment.
• To highlight the potential of phytosomes in reducing adverse effects of conventional cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on phytosomes and their anti-cancer applications.
• Analysis of phytosome isolation and purification methods adapted from mammalian EV research.
• Examination of phytosomes' therapeutic effects in various disease models, including cancer.

Main Results:

• Phytosomes possess bioactive molecules like mRNA, proteins, and lipids.
• Studies indicate therapeutic effects of phytosomes in inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
• Phytosomes have been successfully utilized as drug delivery vehicles in preliminary cancer studies.

Conclusions:

• Phytosome research is emerging, with significant potential in oncology.
• Edible plant-derived phytosomes offer a promising avenue for developing novel cancer therapies.
• Further exploration is needed to fully harness phytosomes for cancer treatment and drug delivery.