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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Types of RNA01:23

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
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Environment-Responsive Peptide Dimers Bind and Stabilize Double-Stranded RNA.

Niall M McLoughlin1,2, Marvin A Albers1,2, Estel Collado Camps3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|August 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dimeric stapled peptides stabilize and protect double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from degradation, enhancing cellular uptake. These peptides offer a promising strategy for environment-triggered release, advancing dsRNA therapeutics like short interfering RNAs (siRNAs).

Keywords:
RNA DeliveryRNA StabilizationRNA/Peptide ComplexReversible DimerizationTAV2b

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) shows significant promise for biomedical applications.
  • Therapeutic use of dsRNA is hindered by poor stability and cellular uptake.
  • Existing strategies for dsRNA stabilization lack broad applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate dimeric stapled peptides for dsRNA stabilization and delivery.
  • To investigate the ability of these peptides to protect dsRNA from degradation.
  • To assess the potential for environment-triggered release of dsRNA.

Main Methods:

  • Design of dimeric stapled peptides based on the RNA-binding protein TAV2b.
  • Formation of peptide dimers via disulfide bonds to mimic natural assembly.
  • Assessment of dsRNA binding, stabilization in serum, cellular uptake, and release under reducing conditions.

Main Results:

  • Peptide dimers effectively bind and stabilize dsRNA in serum, preventing degradation.
  • Peptide binding enhances the cellular uptake of dsRNA.
  • Peptide dimers dissociate into monomers under reducing conditions, leading to loss of RNA binding.

Conclusions:

  • Peptide-based RNA binders are a viable strategy for dsRNA stabilization and protection.
  • Dimeric stapled peptides offer a method for environment-triggered release of RNA.
  • This approach can expand the therapeutic applications of dsRNA, including siRNAs.