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[Venous and cerebral sinus thrombosis in newborns and children]

Ricardo Mora1, Luis Ibarra1, Valentina Olivera2

  • 1Cátedra de Neuropediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Medicina
|September 15, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an underestimated cause of childhood stroke. Early diagnosis in newborns with seizures and children with intracranial hypertension is crucial for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an underrecognized cause of stroke in children.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on high clinical suspicion, expert neuroimaging interpretation, and collaboration between clinicians and radiologists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical features, risk factors, and neuroimaging findings of pediatric CVST.
  • To improve early diagnosis and management strategies for CVST in children under 15.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, retrospective, descriptive study.
  • Inclusion of 51 pediatric patients diagnosed with CVST between January 2010 and March 2022.

Main Results:

  • CVST presented with encephalopathic symptoms/seizures in newborns and intracranial hypertension (ICH) in children.
  • Risk factors were identified in 90% of cases; magnetic resonance venography confirmed diagnosis in 80%.
  • Hemorrhagic complications occurred in 30.5%, more frequently in newborns, who also had higher rates of severe sequelae.

Conclusions:

  • Consider CVST in newborns with encephalopathic symptoms/seizures and in children with ICH signs, especially with predisposing factors.
  • Early recognition and intervention are vital for reducing morbidity and mortality in pediatric CVST.
Abstract

Keywords:
cerebral venous thrombosischildhoodneuroimaging

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