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Impact of Removable Partial Dentures on Masticatory Performance in Partial Edentulism: A Systematic Review
The International Journal of Prosthodontics
|September 20, 2023
Summary
Removable partial dentures (RPDs) improve chewing ability, with subjective reports showing greater benefits than objective measures. Patient perspectives are crucial for effective treatment decisions regarding RPDs.
Area of Science:
- Dental prosthetics
- Oral rehabilitation
- Biomaterials
Background:
- Partial edentulism affects masticatory performance (MP).
- Removable partial dentures (RPDs) are a common prosthetic solution.
- Evaluating the efficacy of RPDs on MP is essential for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of removable partial dentures (RPDs) on the masticatory performance (MP) of individuals with partial edentulism.
- To synthesize evidence from clinical trials on RPDs and mastication.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of electronic databases and hand searches.
- Inclusion of randomized controlled trials and clinical trials evaluating RPDs (metal- and acrylic-based).
- Utilized validated objective and subjective measures for masticatory assessment; independent reviewer selection and data extraction.
Main Results:
- 1 randomized controlled trial and 23 clinical trials met inclusion criteria.
- 14 studies reported a positive impact of RPDs on masticatory function parameters.
- Subjective chewing ability (CA) improved in 83.3% of studies, while objective MP improved in 69.5% of studies.
- Bilateral free-end saddle RPDs showed positive effects on masticatory efficiency in 9 out of 13 studies.
Conclusions:
- Subjective evaluations indicate a more pronounced positive effect of RPDs on MP compared to objective measures.
- Incorporating patients' perspectives is vital for informed clinical decision-making in RPD treatment.
- Numerous factors influence the masticatory performance with RPDs.
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