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Erasure conversion in a high-fidelity Rydberg quantum simulator.

Pascal Scholl1, Adam L Shaw1, Richard Bing-Shiun Tsai1

  • 1California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.

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|October 11, 2023
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Researchers demonstrate erasure conversion and high-fidelity Bell state generation in Rydberg atom arrays, improving quantum error correction for noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices and advancing fault-tolerant quantum computation.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Atomic Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Minimizing errors is crucial for quantum science, especially in noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices and fault-tolerant quantum computation.
  • Rydberg atom arrays are a promising platform for quantum computing, but two-qubit entanglement fidelities have historically lagged.
  • Detecting leakage errors with single-atom resolution offers a path to improved error correction through erasure conversion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate erasure conversion and high-fidelity Bell state generation in Rydberg atom arrays.
  • To assess the impact of erasure conversion on quantum simulation outcomes.
  • To show the potential of these techniques for NISQ devices and quantum error correction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Rydberg quantum simulator with alkaline-earth atoms for fast imaging and error detection.
  • Implemented erasure conversion by excising data with observed erasure errors.
  • Generated Bell states and measured their fidelity, both with and without corrections for state-preparation errors.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a Bell state fidelity of [Formula: see text], improving to [Formula: see text] after correcting for state-preparation errors.
  • Successfully applied erasure conversion in a quantum simulation of a phase transition, revealing the impact of errors.
  • Demonstrated Rydberg-based entanglement fidelities approaching the 0.999 regime.

Conclusions:

  • Rydberg atom arrays can achieve high-fidelity entanglement suitable for quantum error correction.
  • Erasure conversion is a viable technique for mitigating errors in NISQ devices.
  • These methods can be extended to quantum error-correction codes with long-lived qubits.