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Recent Travel and Tuberculosis in Migrants: Data From a Low-Incidence Country
Alvaro Schwalb1,2,3, Kumvana Kayumba2, Rein M G J Houben1,2
1TB Modelling Group, TB Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is more common in migrants. This study suggests TB in foreign-born individuals may stem from recent infections acquired during travel, indicated by notification timing.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) incidence is elevated in migrant populations compared to residents of low-incidence countries.
- Understanding the source of TB in foreign-born individuals is crucial for effective public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the timing of tuberculosis notifications among foreign-born individuals.
- To assess the correlation between TB incidence and time since arrival or return travel to the country of origin.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of smear-positive, pulmonary tuberculosis notifications in foreign-born individuals.
- Comparison of notification timing relative to the individual's arrival in the country.
- Evaluation of notification timing relative to the individual's last return travel to their country of origin.
Main Results:
- Tuberculosis incidence patterns among foreign-born individuals suggest a temporal relationship with travel.
- The time course of TB notifications is consistent with recent infection acquired during travel periods.
Conclusions:
- Travel, particularly recent travel to or from the country of origin, may be a significant factor in TB acquisition among migrants.
- Public health strategies should consider travel history when assessing TB risk in foreign-born populations.
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