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Related Concept Videos

Salivary Glands and Saliva01:23

Salivary Glands and Saliva

710
The salivary glands, of which there are three pairs known as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and initiating the digestive process. Positioned near the ears, beneath the masseter muscle, the parotid glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity through the parotid duct of Stensen. Meanwhile, the submandibular glands, located on the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva through channels named submandibular ducts. The sublingual glands,...
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Antihypertensive Drugs: Thiazide-Class Diuretics01:15

Antihypertensive Drugs: Thiazide-Class Diuretics

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Thiazide diuretics are sulfonamide derivatives featuring a benzothiadiazine ring system in their molecular structure. Based on this structure, thiazide diuretics can be categorized into two groups: thiazide-type and thiazide-like diuretics. Thiazide-type diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide and chlorothiazide, consist of a benzothiadiazine backbone with an attached sulfonamide group. Thiazide-like diuretics, such as chlorthalidone and indapamide, lack the thiazide ring but demonstrate...
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Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Retroductal Submandibular Gland Instillation and Localized Fractionated Irradiation in a Rat Model of Salivary Hypofunction
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Claudin-10 Decrease in the Submandibular Gland Contributes to Xerostomia.

L He1, S Z Yuan1, X D Mao1

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Beijing, P. R. China.

Journal of Dental Research
|December 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Claudin-10 is crucial for saliva secretion, with its assembly in salivary glands regulating fluid and ion transport. Downregulation of claudin-10 leads to hyposalivation, offering potential therapeutic targets for dry mouth conditions.

Keywords:
Sjögren syndromeinterferon-γmuscarinic acetylcholine receptorparacellular permeabilitysaliva secretiontight junction

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Tight junction proteins, including claudins, are vital for paracellular transport in salivary gland epithelia.
  • Mutations in the claudin-10 gene are linked to xerostomia (dry mouth) in HELIX syndrome, but its specific role in saliva secretion is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression pattern and functional role of claudin-10 in salivary gland secretion under physiological and disease conditions.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting claudin-10 for hyposalivation.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed claudin-10b transcript and protein expression in human and mouse submandibular glands (SMGs).
  • Utilized SMG-C6 cells to assess the impact of claudin-10 overexpression on transepithelial electrical resistance and paracellular permeability.
  • Studied claudin-10 assembly and saliva secretion in mice following pilocarpine stimulation and in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice models of Sjögren syndrome.
  • Investigated the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) on claudin-10 expression in cultured SMG tissues and SMG-C6 cells, including JAK/STAT1 pathway involvement.

Main Results:

  • Claudin-10b transcript and protein were expressed in SMGs, localized to the apicolateral membranes of acini.
  • Claudin-10 overexpression reduced electrical resistance and increased paracellular permeability in SMG-C6 cells.
  • Pilocarpine stimulation increased saliva secretion and cation concentration, correlating with claudin-10 assembly in SMGs.
  • NOD mice exhibited lower claudin-10 protein levels, mimicking hyposalivation, and IFN-γ downregulated claudin-10 expression via the JAK/STAT1 pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Claudin-10 acts as a pore-forming protein in salivary gland acinar epithelia, essential for saliva secretion.
  • Claudin-10 assembly is critical for regulating paracellular transport and saliva production.
  • Downregulation of claudin-10 contributes to hyposalivation, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target.