Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

349
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
349
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

876
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
876
Language Development01:22

Language Development

368
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
368
Language01:16

Language

231
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
231
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

285
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
285
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

338
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
338

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Orthographic Neighbourhood Size Effects in Chinese Character Recognition: Small, Inconsistent, and Theoretically Ambiguous.

Journal of cognition·2026
Same author

Post-discharge "continuum of care" clinical pathway (CP) for persons with severe neuro-disabilities - qualitative research to model needs-based community healthcare, capture the real-life care situation, and assess the appropriateness of the CP's concept with input from community- and hospital-based healthcare professionals.

Frontiers in neurology·2026
Same author

Reduction techniques for survival analysis.

Lifetime data analysis·2026
Same author

The Course of Rehabilitation of Ventilated and Tracheally Cannulated Patients in Neurological-Neurosurgical Early Rehabilitation.

Deutsches Arzteblatt international·2026
Same author

Interpretations of Menstrual Blood Appearance and Diagnostic Potential Among Social Media Users: Cross-Sectional Mixed Methods Social Media Listening Study.

Journal of medical Internet research·2026
Same author

Rethinking the role of synergy calculations in the next century of drug combination discovery.

Med (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Pronoun Resolution in Turkish: The Interplay of Referential Form, Word Order, and Implicit Causality.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

What's in a Color?: Language, Synesthesia, and Categorical Perception.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Reasoning Beyond Explicit Rules: Adults' and Children's Use of Closure Principles in Novel Cases.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Intermediary Object States Are Activated by Sentences Describing Completed Events.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Large Language Models Estimate Fine-Grained Human Color-Concept Associations.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Computational Models of Causal Reasoning: Bayesian Accounts of Normative Violations.

Cognitive science·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.7K

On the Connection Between Language Change and Language Processing.

Peter Hendrix1, Ching Chu Sun2, Henry Brighton1

  • 1Department of Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University.

Cognitive Science
|December 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Words with similar meanings are more likely to become extinct, while words with similar forms are less likely to disappear. This suggests language change is linked to cognitive processes.

Keywords:
Language changeLanguage processingLexical extinctionPAMM

More Related Videos

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
04:30

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

Published on: October 25, 2019

5.7K
Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2025

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.7K
An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
04:30

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

Published on: October 25, 2019

5.7K
Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Previous research indicates a link between language processing and language change.
  • Lexical-distributional properties influence word survival in a language.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how lexical-distributional properties in orthographic and semantic space affect lexical extinction probability.
  • To explore the influence of the mapping between word form and meaning on language change.

Main Methods:

  • Binomial linear regression analysis was used to assess lexical extinction probability for 19th-century words in five languages (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish).
  • Nonlinear time-to-event analysis examined the long-term influence of word position in orthographic and semantic space.

Main Results:

  • Words with greater orthographic similarity to other words were less likely to become extinct.
  • Words with higher semantic similarity were more prone to extinction.
  • Consistent mapping between a word's form and meaning protected it from extinction.
  • Word position in orthographic and semantic space influenced extinction probability for at least 200 years.

Conclusions:

  • Lexical form similarity protects against extinction, while semantic similarity increases extinction risk.
  • A stable form-meaning mapping enhances word longevity in a language.
  • Findings support a usage-based model of language change, connecting it to cognitive mechanisms.