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Divergent Nonlinear Response from Quasiparticle Interactions.

Michele Fava1,2, Sarang Gopalakrishnan3,4, Romain Vasseur5

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Nonlinear response functions reveal hidden interactions between gapped quasiparticles in many-body systems. This signature, absent in free excitations, provides new insights into quantum many-body dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Many-Body Systems

Background:

  • Linear response measurements struggle to identify interactions between gapped low-energy quasiparticles.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for characterizing complex quantum materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a distinct signature of quasiparticle interactions in nonlinear response functions.
  • To provide a physically intuitive semiclassical explanation for this signature.
  • To validate the findings in both integrable and nonintegrable models.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of nonlinear response functions in many-body systems.
  • Development of a semiclassical picture for singular behavior.
  • Application of form-factor expansion to the Ising chain.
  • Time-dependent density matrix renormalization group simulations for the spin-1 Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki chain.

Main Results:

  • Nonlinear response functions exhibit a time-divergent contribution unique to interacting gapped quasiparticles.
  • This signature is absent for free bosonic excitations.
  • The derived semiclassical picture accurately describes the observed singular behavior.
  • The findings were confirmed in both the Ising and spin-1 Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki models.

Conclusions:

  • Nonlinear response is a powerful tool for uncovering subtle quasiparticle interactions.
  • The identified signature offers a new experimental handle for probing quantum many-body dynamics.
  • The semiclassical approach provides a broadly applicable framework for understanding these phenomena.