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Updated: Jul 1, 2025

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Neurobehavioral problems at age 2 years in children with prenatal opioid exposure

Nimrah Baig1,2, Qin Sun3, Chunyan Liu3

  • 1Perinatal Institute, Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. nimrah.a.baig@osfhealthcare.org.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|March 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Prenatal opioid exposure in children can lead to behavioral issues. Lower motor scores and specific discharge plans were linked to externalizing problems, while certain medications aided normal development.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Prenatal opioid exposure is a growing concern impacting child development.
  • Understanding factors influencing behavioral outcomes in these children is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with borderline or clinical range scores on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in children with prenatal opioid exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study involving 94 children exposed to opioids prenatally.
  • Children were assessed using the CBCL at 2 years of age.

Main Results:

  • 30% of children exhibited borderline/clinical CBCL scores, with 27% showing externalizing problems.
  • Lower Bayley-III motor scores and discharge with a safety plan correlated with externalizing problems.
  • Medication for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) and treatment with clonidine or phenobarbital were associated with normal CBCL scores across all measures.

Conclusions:

  • Specific factors, including motor development and care arrangements, are linked to behavioral challenges in opioid-exposed children.
  • Pharmacological interventions may play a role in mitigating behavioral issues.
Abstract

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