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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
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Dissecting the Immune System through Gene Regulation.

Hideyuki Yoshida1

  • 1YCI Laboratory for Immunological Transcriptomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan. hideyuki.yoshida@riken.jp.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|March 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding gene regulation in the immune system is key to addressing immune disorders. This chapter explores gene regulatory mechanisms and their impact on immune cell function and overall immune health.

Keywords:
EpigenomicsGenomicsNGSOmicsTranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The immune system's dual role in health and disease necessitates understanding its malfunctions.
  • Investigating pathological and physiological conditions is crucial for comprehending immune disorders.
  • Gene regulation is a fundamental mechanism controlling cellular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the critical role of gene regulatory mechanisms in the immune system.
  • To enhance the understanding of immune cells and the immune system as a whole.
  • To discuss the implications of gene regulation in immunology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific technological advances enabling investigations into gene regulation.
  • Analysis of gene regulatory mechanisms through various methodologies.
  • Examination of implications in both pathological and physiological conditions.

Main Results:

  • Gene regulatory mechanisms are vital for immune cell functionality.
  • Advances in technology facilitate extensive investigations into these mechanisms.
  • Understanding gene regulation offers insights into immune system operations.

Conclusions:

  • Studying gene regulatory mechanisms is a promising approach in immunology.
  • This knowledge is essential for addressing immune system malfunctions and disorders.
  • The chapter provides a comprehensive overview of gene regulation in the immune system.