Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of vaccinators about expanded programs on immunization: a cross-sectional study.

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Immunization Programs
• Healthcare Worker Training

Background:

• Periodic evaluation of healthcare worker knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) is vital for effective immunization programs.
• Assessing vaccinators' KAP regarding expanded programs on immunization (EPI) is crucial for system improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of vaccinators concerning expanded programs on immunization (EPI).
• To evaluate vaccine cold storage and cold chain management practices among vaccinators.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study was conducted among 186 registered vaccinators in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
• Data was collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire based on national and WHO guidelines.
• Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.

Main Results:

• Over half of the participants (57.5%) lacked EPI-related training.
• Most vaccinators demonstrated moderate to poor knowledge but had positive attitudes towards EPI.
• Vaccinators exhibited good practices in vaccine storage and cold chain management, with 93.5% adhering to FEFO principles.

Conclusions:

• Vaccinators generally possess positive attitudes and good practices but require improved knowledge regarding EPI.
• A significant gap in EPI training was identified among vaccinators.
• Continuous training, education, and supervision are recommended to enhance immunization effectiveness and coverage.