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An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
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Assessing peri-implant bone microarchitecture: conventional vs. osseodensification drilling - ex vivo analysis
Breno Fortes Bittar1, Bruno Salles Sotto-Maior1, Karina Lopes Devito1
1School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Brazilian Dental Journal
|March 27, 2024
Summary
Osseodensification (OD) significantly enhances dental implant primary stability by increasing insertion torque and improving peri-implant bone microarchitecture compared to conventional techniques (CT). This technique results in greater bone volume and denser trabeculae, promoting better osseointegration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Bone Microarchitecture Analysis
Background:
- Primary implant stability is crucial for successful osseointegration.
- Drilling techniques significantly influence the bone bed characteristics around dental implants.
- Osseodensification (OD) is an alternative drilling method aiming to preserve and enhance bone quality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare primary implant stability and peri-implant bone microarchitecture between conventional drilling (CT) and osseodensification (OD).
- To evaluate implant insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) using both techniques.
- To analyze changes in trabecular bone microstructure using micro-computed tomography (µCT).
Main Methods:
- Pig tibia bone models were used (n=12), divided into CT (n=6) and OD (n=6) groups.
- Implants were placed after drilling, and IT and ISQ were measured.
- Peri-implant bone fragments were analyzed using µCT for microarchitecture assessment.
Main Results:
- OD resulted in significantly higher insertion torque (19.78 Ncm) compared to CT (7.67 Ncm) (p=0.0005).
- No significant difference in implant stability quotient (ISQ) was observed between OD (63.25) and CT (61.33) (p=0.48).
- OD significantly increased peri-implant bone volume (32.01 mm3 vs 23.17 mm3) and improved trabecular parameters (separation, number, thickness) compared to CT (p<0.05).
Conclusions:
- Osseodensification enhances primary implant stability by increasing insertion torque.
- OD promotes favorable changes in peri-implant bone microarchitecture, including increased bone volume and improved trabecular density.
- These findings suggest OD may offer advantages over conventional techniques for achieving better primary stability and bone integration.
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