THYROID CANCER AS A PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGE IN GEORGIA

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Oncology
• Public Health

Background:

• Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy globally.
• Georgia has seen a dramatic increase in TC incidence, becoming the second leading cause of cancer among women.
• Despite state efforts, the cancer burden remains significant.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of the current burden of thyroid cancer in Georgia.
• To identify risk factors contributing to the rising incidence of thyroid cancer.
• To explore stakeholder perspectives on the factors driving the increased trend of thyroid cancer in Georgia.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative study utilizing in-depth interviews with key stakeholders.
• Conducted in Tbilisi, Georgia, from March to August 2023.
• Participants included thyroid cancer survivors, patients, healthcare providers, policymakers, and national professional bodies.

Main Results:

• Stakeholders confirmed a significant increase in thyroid cancer cases over recent decades.
• Concerns were raised about Georgia potentially having the highest global prevalence and incidence of thyroid cancer.
• Key contributing factors identified include advancements in diagnostic methods leading to overdiagnosis, and improvements in cancer registries and reporting systems.
• Patients face challenges in the post-operational period, including lack of information and financial difficulties.

Conclusions:

• The sharp rise in thyroid cancer incidence and prevalence in Georgia may be linked to overdiagnosis.
• Lack of unified diagnostic and treatment protocols, alongside inadequate post-operative patient support, exacerbates the disease burden.
• Addressing these factors is crucial for managing thyroid cancer effectively in Georgia.