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Ultra-Processed Foods-Dietary Foe or Potential Ally?
Sabrina Nees1, Tymofiy Lutsiv2,3, Henry J Thompson1,2,3
1Graduate Program in Horticulture and Human Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Nutrients
|April 13, 2024
Summary
The link between ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is debated. This review proposes methods to establish causality and guide UPF formulation and selection for consumers.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Public Health
- Food Science
Background:
- Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) prevalence is rising in the US.
- Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption is epidemiologically linked to NCDs.
- Causality between UPFs and NCDs remains unproven, with ongoing debate on contributing factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose an investigative process to establish causality between UPFs and NCDs.
- To move beyond current controversies in UPF health outcome research.
- To suggest a paradigm for UPF formulation and consumer selection.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of existing epidemiological observations and scientific literature.
- Proposal of an investigative framework to identify causal links.
- Development of guidelines for food designers and consumers.
Main Results:
- The current science is inconclusive regarding UPF causality for NCDs.
- Multiple factors are debated: nutrient density, processing, overconsumption, or unknown elements.
- A structured approach is needed to resolve scientific uncertainties.
Conclusions:
- Further research is required to definitively establish the causal relationship between UPFs and NCDs.
- A proposed framework can guide future investigations and industry practices.
- Guidelines for UPF formulation and consumer choice can promote healthier diets.
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