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Leveraging Wettability Engineering to Develop Three-Layer DIY Face Masks From Low-Cost Materials.

Sourav Sarkar1,2, Achintya Mukhopadhyay1,2, Swarnendu Sen1,2

  • 1Center for Development of Appropriate Social Technologies (CAST), Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.

Transactions of the Indian National Academy of Engineering : an International Journal of Engineering and Technology
|April 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Homemade face masks can be effective against COVID-19 droplet transmission. A simple three-layer DIY mask design using polypropylene and cellulosic cloth shows superior performance compared to surgical masks.

Keywords:
COVID-19Droplet transportFace maskNonwovenWettability engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Public Health
  • Textile Engineering

Background:

  • The global surge in COVID-19 cases created a critical shortage of medical-grade face masks.
  • There is an urgent need for accessible, effective homemade mask alternatives for the general population.
  • Homemade masks must balance droplet filtration with user comfort and breathability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a simple, do-it-yourself (DIY) three-layer face mask.
  • To assess the droplet-arresting capabilities of the proposed homemade mask design.
  • To compare the performance of the DIY mask against commercially available surgical masks.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed a three-layer face mask using readily available materials: two hydrophobic polypropylene nonwoven layers and one hydrophilic cellulosic cloth layer.
  • The inner hydrophobic layer is designed for user comfort, allowing droplet absorption by the middle layer.
  • The outer hydrophobic layer acts as a barrier against external droplets and liquid penetration.

Main Results:

  • The DIY three-layer mask effectively arrests airborne droplet transmission.
  • The mask design ensures user comfort by maintaining a dry skin-contact layer.
  • Preliminary tests indicate superior droplet transmission arrest compared to standard surgical masks.

Conclusions:

  • A simple DIY three-layer face mask offers a viable and effective alternative to commercial masks for public use.
  • The proposed mask design demonstrates promising performance in mitigating the spread of airborne droplets.
  • This approach can help alleviate the strain on essential healthcare supplies during pandemics.