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Baby Observational Selective Control AppRaisal (BabyOSCAR): Construct validity and test performance.

Vanessa Maziero Barbosa1, Colleen Peyton2,3, Theresa Sukal-Moulton2,3

  • 1Department of Occupational and Physical Therapy, University of Illinois Health, Chicago, IL, USA.

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Summary

The Baby Observational Selective Control AppRaisal (BabyOSCAR) tool demonstrates strong construct validity for assessing infant movement in cerebral palsy (CP). It reliably measures arm and leg function across different ability levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Physical Therapy
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Assessing independent joint motion in infants with cerebral palsy (CP) is crucial for early intervention.
  • The Baby Observational Selective Control AppRaisal (BabyOSCAR) is a novel assessment tool designed for this purpose.
  • Evaluating the psychometric properties of new clinical assessments is essential for their reliable application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the construct validity of the BabyOSCAR assessment.
  • To determine the reliability and item properties of BabyOSCAR using Rasch analysis.
  • To confirm BabyOSCAR's suitability for assessing infants with and without CP.

Main Methods:

  • BabyOSCAR was administered to 75 infants (45 with CP, 30 without).
  • Rasch analysis and classical test theory were employed to evaluate item fit, unidimensionality, reliability, and differential item functioning.
  • Cronbach's alpha was calculated to assess internal consistency.

Main Results:

  • The BabyOSCAR assessment demonstrated good fit to the Rasch model, indicating sound psychometric properties.
  • Unidimensionality analysis suggested two distinct dimensions: arm and leg movements.
  • Reliability indices for item calibration (0.84-0.86) and infant measures (0.82-0.91) were strong, with Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.90 to 0.95.

Conclusions:

  • The BabyOSCAR assessment exhibits excellent construct validity and reliability for evaluating independent joint motion in infants.
  • The tool effectively differentiates between three infant ability levels and provides an interval-level measurement scale.
  • Separate arm and leg subscales are supported, offering a comprehensive assessment of motor skills.