Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanical Efficiency of Real Machines01:14

Mechanical Efficiency of Real Machines

688
The mechanical efficiency of a machine is a fundamental concept that describes how effectively a machine can convert input work into output work. According to this concept, the efficiency of a machine is equal to the ratio of the output work to the input work. An ideal machine, meaning a machine that has no energy losses, has an efficiency of one. This implies that the input work and the output work are equal.
However, in reality, no machine can be truly ideal, and all of them experience some...
688
Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity01:24

Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity

359
A stroke engine has a slider-crank mechanism that converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider.
When an external force is exerted, it sets the crank into a rotational movement. This, in turn, instigates the motion of the connecting rod, leading to what is referred to as a general plane motion. This process involves two key points - point A on the connecting rod...
359
Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration01:10

Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration

349
A slider-crank mechanism converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider. The movement of the slider-crank is an example of general plane motion as the fluctuating angle between the crank and the connecting rod. Consider a segment AB where point A is at the end of the slider and point B is on the diametrically opposite end to point A, on a crack. The variance in...
349

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multi-step femtosecond laser-fabricated membranes for regulated migration of biomolecules and cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Effects of sensorimotor delays and muscle force capacity limits on the performance of feedforward and feedback control in animals of different sizes.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

Long-term on-leaf monitoring of plant electrophysiology with printed adhesive gel bioelectrodes.

Communications engineering·2026
Same author

Controlling a simple model of bipedal walking to adapt to a wide range of target step lengths and step frequencies.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Structure and mechanics of cockroach antennae confer flexibility and shape strain transmission for proprioception.

The Journal of experimental biology·2025
Same author

Body oscillations couple with wing flapping to reduce aerodynamic power in wild silk moth flight.

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·2025
Same journal

DNA origami snaps into place.

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

A high-endurance DNA origami snap-through switch for functional nanoscale control.

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

Learning flight navigation like a honey bee.

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

Is your robot vacuum cleaner spying on you?

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

Do people feel safe in a robot's presence?

Science robotics·2026
Same journal

Stop chasing identical outcomes in HRI replication: Learn from the differences.

Science robotics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Manufacturing, Control, and Performance Evaluation of a Gecko-Inspired Soft Robot
07:40

Manufacturing, Control, and Performance Evaluation of a Gecko-Inspired Soft Robot

Published on: June 10, 2020

13.9K

Why animals can outrun robots.

Samuel A Burden1, Thomas Libby2, Kaushik Jayaram3

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

Science Robotics
|April 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Robots lag behind animals in running due to poor subsystem integration, not individual component performance. Overcoming key obstacles in power, actuation, sensing, and control is crucial for advancing robotic locomotion.

More Related Videos

A Novel Single Animal Motor Function Tracking System Using Simple, Readily Available Software
08:22

A Novel Single Animal Motor Function Tracking System Using Simple, Readily Available Software

Published on: August 31, 2018

6.6K
Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats
10:28

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Published on: February 22, 2011

19.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2025

Manufacturing, Control, and Performance Evaluation of a Gecko-Inspired Soft Robot
07:40

Manufacturing, Control, and Performance Evaluation of a Gecko-Inspired Soft Robot

Published on: June 10, 2020

13.9K
A Novel Single Animal Motor Function Tracking System Using Simple, Readily Available Software
08:22

A Novel Single Animal Motor Function Tracking System Using Simple, Readily Available Software

Published on: August 31, 2018

6.6K
Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats
10:28

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Published on: February 22, 2011

19.7K

Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Biomechanics
  • Comparative Technology Analysis

Background:

  • Animals exhibit superior running capabilities in agility, range, and robustness compared to current robots.
  • Understanding the biological advantages in locomotion is key to advancing robotic performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the core reasons behind the performance gap in running between animals and robots.
  • To compare natural and artificial technologies across critical running subsystems.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of five key running subsystems: power, frame, actuation, sensing, and control.
  • Evaluation of biological systems against engineering technologies in each subsystem.

Main Results:

  • Engineering technologies often meet or exceed biological counterparts in individual subsystem performance.
  • The primary performance deficit in robots stems from suboptimal integration of these subsystems.

Conclusions:

  • Biology's superior running performance is attributed to superior subsystem integration.
  • Identifying and overcoming four fundamental obstacles is necessary for developing animal-level running robots.
  • Future research should focus on integration strategies to enhance robotic locomotion.