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Related Concept Videos

Investigation of Disease Outbreaks01:23

Investigation of Disease Outbreaks

Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...

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Detection of a Human Adenovirus Outbreak, Including Some Critical Infections, Using Multipathogen Testing at a Large

JoLynn P Montgomery1, Juan Luis Marquez2, Jennifer Nord3

  • 1University Health Service, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

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Human adenovirus (HAdV) caused a flu-like illness outbreak in university students in Fall 2022. While most cases were mild, some required hospitalization, indicating a need for broad pathogen consideration.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are known to cause flu-like illness outbreaks in university settings.
  • While typically mild in young adults, severe HAdV infections can occur.
  • An HAdV outbreak was identified among university students in Fall 2022.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the demographic and clinical features of an HAdV outbreak in university students.
  • To assess the severity and outcomes of HAdV infections in this population.
  • To investigate transmission dynamics through contact tracing.

Main Methods:

  • University students aged 17-26 with flu-like symptoms and confirmed HAdV by PCR were identified.
  • Demographic and clinical data were extracted from medical records.
  • Clinical severity was categorized, and contact investigations were performed for critical cases. HAdV typing was conducted via sequencing.

Main Results:

  • Ninety PCR-confirmed HAdV cases were identified between September 2022 and January 2023.
  • The majority of cases (88.9%) presented with mild illness.
  • Seven cases required hospitalization, including two critical cases admitted to intensive care. All typed specimens were HAdV type 4.

Conclusions:

  • Despite most HAdV infections being mild, severe illness occurred in 7 otherwise healthy students.
  • The actual number of HAdV cases was likely underestimated due to unreported symptomatic contacts.
  • The findings highlight the importance of considering diverse pathogens during outbreaks, even with known circulating viruses.