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Related Concept Videos

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs01:02

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

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Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
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Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

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Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic...
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Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

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Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
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Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management01:26

Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management

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Medical treatment strategies for peptic ulcers encompass various methods. The primary goal of treatment is to diminish gastric acidity and strengthen mucosal defense mechanisms.
The therapeutic approach involves ensuring adequate rest, implementing drug therapy, promoting smoking cessation, making dietary modifications, and emphasizing long-term follow-up care.
Pharmacological management
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Drug Classes and Categories01:25

Drug Classes and Categories

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Drugs can be classified according to their chemical composition or their intended therapeutic application. For instance, anti-infective agents that possess the ability to eliminate pathogens or suppress their growth and reproduction can be grouped based on the organisms they target or their chemical structure. Furthermore, drugs can be divided into prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substances. Prescription medications, such as antibiotics, require oversight from a licensed healthcare...
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Author Spotlight: Traditional Chinese Medicine for Sleep Disorders in Acute COPD — A Safe, Cost-Effective Approach
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Nonprescription Treatment Options.

Taylor Edwards1, Kayla Felix2, Sandy Francois3

  • 1Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) involves epidermal barrier dysfunction. While over-the-counter treatments help manage mild AD and prevent flares, prescription options offer faster relief for moderate to severe cases.

Keywords:
Atopic dermatitisBleach bathsCeramidesCost of emollientsEmollientsEpidermal barrier dysfunctionHydrocortisoneNatural oilsNonprescription treatmentsPathogenesisTopical corticosteroidsWet wraps

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis is complex, with epidermal barrier dysfunction increasingly recognized as a key factor.
  • Standard therapies exist, but nonprescription (over-the-counter or OTC) options like topical corticosteroids, moisturizers, and antihistamines are widely used.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of atopic dermatitis pathogenesis, focusing on epidermal barrier dysfunction.
  • To discuss the role and efficacy of various over-the-counter (OTC) and complementary treatments for atopic dermatitis management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in AD genetics and pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of available evidence for OTC treatments (corticosteroids, emollients, antihistamines) and complementary therapies (wet wraps, bleach baths).

Main Results:

  • Epidermal barrier dysfunction is central to AD development and progression.
  • OTC treatments are effective for mild AD and maintenance, while prescription treatments are preferred for moderate-to-severe disease or flares.
  • Complementary treatments show promise when used alongside conventional therapies, though robust efficacy data is limited.

Conclusions:

  • Management of atopic dermatitis requires a multi-faceted approach, balancing OTC and prescription treatments based on disease severity.
  • Further research into the efficacy of complementary therapies and the economic impact of AD is warranted.