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Ceria nanoparticles: biomedical applications and toxicity.

Xiaoxuan Fu1, Peng Li2, Xi Chen1

  • 1School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.

Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B
|May 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) show promise in treating diseases like Alzheimer's and cancer. However, this review highlights the need to understand their potential toxicity across various human body systems.

Keywords:
Biomedical applicationCeria nanoparticleOxidative stressSynthetic methodToxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Nanomaterials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) are increasingly utilized in biomedical and industrial applications.
  • Synthesis methods range from traditional gas/solid/liquid phases to newer green synthesis approaches.
  • Widespread use necessitates an understanding of potential adverse health effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the biomedical applications of CeO2 NPs.
  • To comprehensively assess the toxicity profile of CeO2 NPs in various human physiological systems.
  • To bridge fundamental research with potential future practical developments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on CeO2 NP biomedical applications.
  • Analysis of research investigating CeO2 NP toxicity (cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, etc.).
  • Synthesis of findings on both therapeutic potential and safety concerns.

Main Results:

  • CeO2 NPs demonstrate therapeutic potential in diseases including Alzheimer's, stroke, and cancer.
  • Toxicity concerns are explored across cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, respiratory, neural, and hepatic systems.
  • The review synthesizes current knowledge on CeO2 NP applications and risks.

Conclusions:

  • CeO2 NPs offer significant therapeutic promise but require careful safety evaluation.
  • Further research is crucial to balance the benefits and risks of CeO2 NP applications.
  • This review provides a foundation for future translational research in CeO2 NP technology.