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Multi-GeV Electron Acceleration in Wakefields Strongly Driven by Oversized Laser Spots.

K Põder1,2, J C Wood1, N C Lopes1,3

  • 1The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Imperial College, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom.

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|May 28, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Using an oversized laser spot in laser wakefield acceleration significantly boosts electron energy gain. This technique enhances electron injection and avoids beam loss, doubling energy output compared to conventional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • High-Intensity Laser-Matter Interactions
  • Particle Acceleration

Background:

  • Laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) is a promising technique for compact particle accelerators.
  • Achieving high electron energies and charge requires precise control over injection and dephasing processes.
  • The nonlinear regime of LWFA presents unique challenges and opportunities for optimizing performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of initial laser spot size on electron acceleration in the highly nonlinear LWFA regime.
  • To understand the underlying physics of electron injection and beam loading under varying spot sizes.
  • To demonstrate a method for enhancing electron energy gain and charge in LWFA.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of LWFA using laser powers below 250 TW.
  • Utilizing an initial laser spot size larger than the matched spot size for guiding.
  • Three-dimensional particle-in-cell (3D PIC) simulations to model the acceleration process.

Main Results:

  • Electrons were accelerated to energies exceeding 2.5 GeV with over 80 pC of charge at energies >1 GeV.
  • Accelerating fields surpassed 500 GV/m.
  • Oversized laser spots were shown to delay electron injection, preventing beam loss during wakefield oscillations.

Conclusions:

  • Employing an oversized laser spot is an effective strategy to enhance electron energy gain in LWFA.
  • Delayed injection due to oversized spots allows electrons to remain in regions of peak accelerating fields.
  • This method can lead to a doubling of energy gain compared to using smaller focal spots.