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Dynamic Muscle Function Parameters in Indian Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control
Sonal V Kasture1,2, Shruti A Mondkar1, Anuradha V Khadilkar1,2
1Department of Growth and Paediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|June 24, 2024
Summary
Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) show impaired muscle function (MF). Poor glycemic control, indicated by HbA1c, is linked to reduced MF, potentially leading to adult sarcopenia.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Endocrinology
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasingly recognized to affect muscle function (MF) in adolescents.
- Data on dynamic MF in Indian children and adolescents with T1DM are limited, hindering a full understanding of physical well-being impacts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess dynamic muscle function (MF) in Indian children and adolescents with T1DM compared to healthy controls using Jumping Mechanography (JM).
- To identify predictors of MF in children and adolescents diagnosed with T1DM.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional observational study involving 266 participants (133 with T1DM, 133 controls) aged 6-19 years.
- Muscle function was evaluated using Jumping Mechanography (JM) measuring maximum relative power (Pmax/mass) and maximum relative force (Fmax/BW).
- Statistical analyses included independent sample t-tests and linear regression, with anthropometry, body composition, and HbA1c levels recorded.
Main Results:
- Children and adolescents with T1DM exhibited significantly lower Pmax/mass and Fmax/BW compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05).
- Positive associations were found between body mass index and lean mass index (LMI) with MF parameters.
- Negative associations were observed between insulin requirement and HbA1c with Fmax/BW in the T1DM group. HbA1c and LMI were identified as significant predictors of MF.
Conclusions:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with compromised muscle function (MF) in children and adolescents.
- Poor glycemic control (higher HbA1c) is a significant risk factor for decreased MF, independent of diabetes duration.
- These findings suggest a potential contribution to sarcopenia in adulthood if not managed effectively.
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